GeoDevelopment Observatory of Bolivia / Indicators
SDG 1: No poverty
The SDG 1 (No poverty) index of the Municipal Atlas of the SDGs and its four indicators, multidimensional poverty, unsatisfied basic needs, extreme energy poverty and access to basic services, for every municipality.
The SDG 1 (No poverty) index of the Municipal Atlas of the Sustainable Development Goals in Bolivia 2020 (SDSN Bolivia) for all 339 municipalities, with the four indicators behind it: the Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty index (0–1, nine household deprivations), the share of the population with unsatisfied basic needs and the share of households with access to all three basic services (electricity, water and sanitation), all three from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE), and extreme energy poverty, the share of dwellings that consumed under 210 kWh a year or had no electricity, from electricity-meter records of 2016. The index runs from 0 (worst situation) to 100 (targets met): each indicator is rescaled linearly between a worst and a best value, capped, so that higher is always better, and the index is the simple mean of the available rescaled indicators. Extreme energy poverty is missing for 24 municipalities, whose index is the mean of the other three. Because its indicators refer to 2012 and 2016, the index is stored at 2016. The Atlas population (2020) and urbanization rate (2012) are included as context; they are not inputs of the index.
Variables of sdg01
index_sdg1: No poverty index (0-100). SDG 1 (No poverty) index of the Municipal Atlas of the SDGs in Bolivia 2020, on a 0-100 scale where 100 means the goal's targets are met (best value) and 0 the worst situation. Following the global SDG Index method (Lafortune et al., 2018), each of its 4 indicators is rescaled linearly to 0-100 between a worst value (generally the 2.5th-percentile tail of the municipal distribution) and a best value (the SDG target where one exists, otherwise the average of the five best municipalities, or expert judgement), with the direction set so that higher is always better and values beyond the bounds capped at 0 or 100; the index is the simple (equal-weight) mean of the available rescaled indicators. Components: Extreme energy poverty (% of dwellings); Unsatisfied basic needs (% of population); Multidimensional poverty index; Access to 3 basic services (% of households). The components refer to different years; the observatory stores the index at 2016, the latest reference year among them. Where extreme energy poverty is missing (24 municipalities) it is the mean of the other three.sdg1_1_eepr: Extreme energy poverty (% of dwellings). Percentage of dwellings that consumed less than a quarter of the Tarifa Dignidad (subsidised tariff) ceiling, i.e. under 210 kWh per year, judged from residential electricity-meter records of May 2016; dwellings without electricity (and so without a meter) also count as extremely energy poor. Built by Andersen, Branisa & Calderón (2019). Reference year 2016. Missing for 24 municipalities. In the SDG 1 index it is normalised linearly between 94.9 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 0 (best; SDG target / leave no one behind), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg1_1_ubn: Unsatisfied basic needs (% of population). Percentage of the population with Unsatisfied Basic Needs (NBI) in 2012, INE's official municipal poverty measure (housing, basic services, energy, education and health deprivations), computed from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). In the SDG 1 index it is normalised linearly between 96.7 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 0 (best; SDG target / leave no one behind), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg1_2_mpi: Multidimensional poverty index. Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty index (0-1) for 2012 with 9 household deprivations: an illiterate member, a member over 6 without an identity document, no fixed or mobile phone, a birth outside a health facility in the last 5 years, a teenage pregnancy in the last 5 years, a child aged 6-19 not studying, no drinking water on the property, no electricity, no basic sanitation. Computed from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE) with the INESAD methodology developed for Swisscontact (Andersen & Branisa, 2020). In the SDG 1 index it is normalised linearly between 0.391 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 0 (best; leave no one behind), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg1_4_abs: Access to 3 basic services (% of households). Percentage of households with access to all three basic services (electricity, water and sanitation) in 2012, from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). In the SDG 1 index it is normalised linearly between 0 (worst; theoretical minimum) and 100 (best; SDG target / leave no one behind), values beyond the bounds capped.population_2020: Population (persons). Estimated municipal population in 2020 (persons), as printed in the Atlas municipal profiles ("Población estimada, 2020"). The Atlas does not name the source; the 339 values sum to 11,633,371, exactly INE's 2020 national population projection (Revisión 2020 series), so they are presumably INE's municipal projections. Not an input of any goal index. Differs from the gridded WorldPop-based pop dataset.urbano_2012: Urbanization rate (%). Share of the municipal population living in urban areas in 2012 (%), as printed in the Atlas municipal profiles ("Tasa de urbanización, 2012"), from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). INE counts as urban the localities with 2,000 or more inhabitants, which is why 175 municipalities have a rate of 0. Not an input of any goal index (the Atlas treats 15 almost fully urban municipalities as having no applicable farm indicators for SDG 2; 11 of them are 95% or more urban by this rate, while Sucre, Tiquipaya and Potosí are 91–92% and Yunguyo de Litoral 0%).
Sources
- Andersen, L. E., Canelas, S., Gonzales, A., & Peñaranda, L. (2020). Atlas municipal de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en Bolivia 2020. La Paz: Universidad Privada Boliviana, SDSN Bolivia. https://unsdsn.org/resources/municipal-atlas-of-the-sdgs-in-bolivia-2020
- Mendez, C., Gonzales, E., Leoni, P., Andersen, L., & Peralta, H. (2026). DS4Bolivia: A Data Science Repository to Study GeoSpatial Development in Bolivia [Data set]. GitHub. https://github.com/quarcs-lab/ds4bolivia