GeoDevelopment Observatory of Bolivia / Indicators
SDG 4: Quality education
The Municipal Atlas’s SDG 4 index of quality education and its six indicators of school dropout, adult education, literacy and qualified teachers, each stored at the year it was measured.
The SDG 4 (Quality education) index of the Municipal Atlas of the Sustainable Development Goals in Bolivia 2020 (SDSN Bolivia) for all 339 municipalities, on a 0–100 scale where 100 means the goal’s targets are met, together with the six indicators behind it: the secondary-school dropout rates of boys and girls (2017) and the shares of qualified pre-primary and secondary teachers (2016), from the Ministry of Education’s administrative records (SEIE), and the share of adults aged 19 or older with higher education and the literacy rate of people aged 15 or older, from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). Each indicator is rescaled linearly to 0–100 between a worst and a best value, so that higher is always better and values beyond the bounds are capped, and the index is the simple mean of the available rescaled indicators. The Atlas does not define a “qualified” teacher. Because its indicators refer to 2012, 2016 and 2017, the index is stored at 2017, the latest of them. The Atlas’s 2020 population and 2012 urbanization rate are included as context; they are not inputs of the index.
Variables of sdg04
index_sdg4: Quality education index (0-100). SDG 4 (Quality education) index of the Municipal Atlas of the SDGs in Bolivia 2020, on a 0-100 scale where 100 means the goal's targets are met (best value) and 0 the worst situation. Following the global SDG Index method (Lafortune et al., 2018), each of its 6 indicators is rescaled linearly to 0-100 between a worst value (generally the 2.5th-percentile tail of the municipal distribution) and a best value (the SDG target where one exists, otherwise the average of the five best municipalities, or expert judgement), with the direction set so that higher is always better and values beyond the bounds capped at 0 or 100; the index is the simple (equal-weight) mean of the available rescaled indicators. Components: Secondary dropout rate, boys (%); Secondary dropout rate, girls (%); Adults with higher education (%); Literacy rate, age 15+ (%); Qualified pre-primary teachers (%); Qualified secondary teachers (%). The components refer to different years; the observatory stores the index at 2017, the latest reference year among them.sdg4_1_ssdrm: Secondary dropout rate, boys (%). Secondary-school dropout rate of male students in 2017: dropouts divided by enrolment (%), official administrative records of the Ministry of Education (Educational Statistics and Indicators System, SEIE, seie.minedu.gob.bo). In the SDG 4 index it is normalised linearly between 9.7 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 0 (best; leave no one behind / average of the top 5), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg4_1_ssdrf: Secondary dropout rate, girls (%). Secondary-school dropout rate of female students in 2017: dropouts divided by enrolment (%), official administrative records of the Ministry of Education (SEIE, seie.minedu.gob.bo). In the SDG 4 index it is normalised linearly between 9.7 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 0 (best; leave no one behind / average of the top 5), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg4_4_phe: Adults with higher education (%). Percentage of the population aged 19 or older that has reached higher (tertiary) education, 2012, official INE indicator from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). In the SDG 4 index it is normalised linearly between 2.8 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 36.9 (best; average of the top 5), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg4_6_lr: Literacy rate, age 15+ (%). Literacy rate of people aged 15 or older, 2012, official INE indicator from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). In the SDG 4 index it is normalised linearly between 71.2 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 99.8 (best; average of the top 5), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg4_c_qti: Qualified pre-primary teachers (%). Percentage of qualified teachers at the initial (pre-primary) level, 2016, official data of the Ministry of Education (SEIE, seie.minedu.gob.bo). The Atlas does not define "qualified". In the SDG 4 index it is normalised linearly between 0 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 100 (best; average of the top 5), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg4_c_qts: Qualified secondary teachers (%). Percentage of qualified teachers at the secondary level, 2016, official data of the Ministry of Education (SEIE, seie.minedu.gob.bo). The Atlas does not define "qualified". In the SDG 4 index it is normalised linearly between 0 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 100 (best; average of the top 5), values beyond the bounds capped.population_2020: Population (persons). Estimated municipal population in 2020 (persons), as printed in the Atlas municipal profiles ("Población estimada, 2020"). The Atlas does not name the source; the 339 values sum to 11,633,371, exactly INE's 2020 national population projection (Revisión 2020 series), so they are presumably INE's municipal projections. Not an input of any goal index. Differs from the gridded WorldPop-based pop dataset.urbano_2012: Urbanization rate (%). Share of the municipal population living in urban areas in 2012 (%), as printed in the Atlas municipal profiles ("Tasa de urbanización, 2012"), from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). INE counts as urban the localities with 2,000 or more inhabitants, which is why 175 municipalities have a rate of 0. Not an input of any goal index (the Atlas treats 15 almost fully urban municipalities as having no applicable farm indicators for SDG 2; 11 of them are 95% or more urban by this rate, while Sucre, Tiquipaya and Potosí are 91–92% and Yunguyo de Litoral 0%).
Sources
- Andersen, L. E., Canelas, S., Gonzales, A., & Peñaranda, L. (2020). Atlas municipal de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en Bolivia 2020. La Paz: Universidad Privada Boliviana, SDSN Bolivia. https://unsdsn.org/resources/municipal-atlas-of-the-sdgs-in-bolivia-2020
- Mendez, C., Gonzales, E., Leoni, P., Andersen, L., & Peralta, H. (2026). DS4Bolivia: A Data Science Repository to Study GeoSpatial Development in Bolivia [Data set]. GitHub. https://github.com/quarcs-lab/ds4bolivia