GeoDevelopment Observatory of Bolivia / Indicators
SDG 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions
The SDG 16 index of the 339 municipalities, built from homicide rates, municipal budget execution and birth registration of children under 5.
The SDG 16 (Peace, justice and strong institutions) index of the Municipal Atlas of the Sustainable Development Goals in Bolivia 2020 (SDSN Bolivia) for all 339 municipalities, on a 0–100 scale where 100 means the targets are met, with its three indicators: the homicide rate per 100,000 inhabitants (average of 2015–2017, from police statistics compiled by the Bolivian Observatory of Citizen Security and Fight against Drugs, stored at 2016), the municipal government’s budget execution in 2017 (executed over programmed budget, from the Ministry of Economy and Public Finance) and the share of children under 5 whose birth is registered (2012 census, INE). Each indicator is rescaled linearly to 0–100 between a worst and a best value, with values beyond the bounds capped, and the index is the simple mean of the rescaled indicators. The indicators refer to different years, so the index is stored at 2017, the latest of them. No values are missing; 253 municipalities recorded no homicide over 2015–2017, and one reports a budget execution above 100%, capped in the index. The dataset also holds the Atlas’s 2020 population and 2012 urbanization rate as context.
Variables of sdg16
index_sdg16: Peace, justice, institutions index (0-100). SDG 16 (Peace, justice and strong institutions) index of the Municipal Atlas of the SDGs in Bolivia 2020, on a 0-100 scale where 100 means the goal's targets are met (best value) and 0 the worst situation. Following the global SDG Index method (Lafortune et al., 2018), each of its 3 indicators is rescaled linearly to 0-100 between a worst value (generally the 2.5th-percentile tail of the municipal distribution) and a best value (the SDG target where one exists, otherwise the average of the five best municipalities, or expert judgement), with the direction set so that higher is always better and values beyond the bounds capped at 0 or 100; the index is the simple (equal-weight) mean of the available rescaled indicators. Components: Homicide rate (per 100,000); Budget execution (%); Birth registration, under 5 (%). The components refer to different years; the observatory stores the index at 2017, the latest reference year among them.sdg16_1_rhr: Homicide rate (per 100,000). Registered homicides per 100,000 inhabitants per year, average of 2015-2017 (to reduce random volatility), prepared by the Bolivian Observatory of Citizen Security and Fight against Drugs (OBSCD) from Bolivian Police statistics (Ministry of Government). Stored at 2016, the period midpoint. In the SDG 16 index it is normalised linearly between 8.3 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 0 (best; average of the top 5), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg16_6_pbec: Budget execution (%). Budget execution capacity of the municipal government in 2017: executed budget divided by programmed budget (%), from the Ministry of Economy and Public Finance. In the SDG 16 index it is normalised linearly between 34.8 (worst; 2.5th-percentile tail) and 100 (best; SDG target), values beyond the bounds capped.sdg16_9_cr: Birth registration, under 5 (%). Percentage of children under 5 whose birth is registered in the civil registry, 2012, official indicator from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). In the SDG 16 index it is normalised linearly between 50 (worst; global SDG Index) and 100 (best; SDG target), values beyond the bounds capped.population_2020: Population (persons). Estimated municipal population in 2020 (persons), as printed in the Atlas municipal profiles ("Población estimada, 2020"). The Atlas does not name the source; the 339 values sum to 11,633,371, exactly INE's 2020 national population projection (Revisión 2020 series), so they are presumably INE's municipal projections. Not an input of any goal index. Differs from the gridded WorldPop-based pop dataset.urbano_2012: Urbanization rate (%). Share of the municipal population living in urban areas in 2012 (%), as printed in the Atlas municipal profiles ("Tasa de urbanización, 2012"), from the 2012 Population and Housing Census (INE). INE counts as urban the localities with 2,000 or more inhabitants, which is why 175 municipalities have a rate of 0. Not an input of any goal index (the Atlas treats 15 almost fully urban municipalities as having no applicable farm indicators for SDG 2; 11 of them are 95% or more urban by this rate, while Sucre, Tiquipaya and Potosí are 91–92% and Yunguyo de Litoral 0%).
Sources
- Andersen, L. E., Canelas, S., Gonzales, A., & Peñaranda, L. (2020). Atlas municipal de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en Bolivia 2020. La Paz: Universidad Privada Boliviana, SDSN Bolivia. https://unsdsn.org/resources/municipal-atlas-of-the-sdgs-in-bolivia-2020
- Mendez, C., Gonzales, E., Leoni, P., Andersen, L., & Peralta, H. (2026). DS4Bolivia: A Data Science Repository to Study GeoSpatial Development in Bolivia [Data set]. GitHub. https://github.com/quarcs-lab/ds4bolivia