Chapter 2 Data Apps

Measuring the Macroeconomy

Explore the data of Chapter 2 without any code. Every chart below is live: hover over it to read the values, and use its buttons, menus and sliders to change what it shows.

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Who buys GDP: the expenditure side

Fig. 1: Composition of GDP across countries

Pick a country from the menu (the G20 and OECD members), and switch between stacked areas and separate lines with the buttons.

Sources. Data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, national accounts (NIPA Table 1.1.5), via FRED: GDP (GDPA), personal consumption expenditures (PCECA), gross private domestic investment (GPDIA), government consumption expenditures and gross investment (GCEA) and net exports (A019RC1A027NBEA); other countries: World Bank, World Development Indicators, shares of GDP: household consumption (NE.CON.PRVT.ZS), gross capital formation (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), government consumption (NE.CON.GOVT.ZS) and external balance on goods and services (NE.RSB.GNFS.ZS). Country groups: World Bank country classifications. Prepared files: data/ch02/fig2-1.csv, data/ch02/expenditure_world.csv and data/ch02/countries.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 2.1 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 2: Expenditure shares of GDP since 1970

Pick a country from the menu (the G20 and OECD members); hover over a line to read each share in a given year.

Sources. Data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, national accounts (NIPA Table 1.1.5), via FRED: GDP (GDPA), personal consumption expenditures (PCECA), gross private domestic investment (GPDIA), government consumption expenditures and gross investment (GCEA) and net exports (A019RC1A027NBEA); other countries: World Bank, World Development Indicators, shares of GDP: household consumption (NE.CON.PRVT.ZS), gross capital formation (NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS), government consumption (NE.CON.GOVT.ZS) and external balance on goods and services (NE.RSB.GNFS.ZS). Country groups: World Bank country classifications. Prepared files: data/ch02/fig2-2.csv, data/ch02/expenditure_world.csv and data/ch02/countries.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 2.2 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 2, changes: how each U.S. share moved since a base year

Move the slider to choose the base year; the four changes always add up to zero, because the shares add up to 100.

Sources. Data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, national accounts (NIPA Table 1.1.5), via FRED: GDP (GDPA), personal consumption expenditures (PCECA), gross private domestic investment (GPDIA), government consumption expenditures and gross investment (GCEA) and net exports (A019RC1A027NBEA). Prepared files: data/ch02/fig2-2.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 2.2 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Who earns GDP: labor’s share

Fig. 3: Labor’s share of GDP across countries

Move the slider to change the year the trend starts, and use the menu to add a group of countries.

Sources. Data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, national accounts (NIPA Table 1.10), via FRED: compensation of employees (A033RC1A027NBEA), gross domestic income (GDIA), taxes on production and imports less subsidies (W254RC1A027NBEA) and proprietors’ income (A041RC1A027NBEA); other countries: Penn World Table 11.0, labor share (labsh), Groningen Growth and Development Centre (Feenstra, Inklaar and Timmer 2015, doi:10.34894/FABVLR). Country groups: World Bank country classifications. Prepared files: data/ch02/fig2-3.csv, data/ch02/labor_share_world.csv and data/ch02/countries.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 2.3 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Prices and inflation

Fig. 4: The level of the GDP deflator across countries

Switch between the linear and ratio scale with the buttons, and use the menu to add a group of countries.

Sources. Data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, GDP implicit price deflator (GDPDEF), via FRED (rebased to 2012 = 100); recession dates: NBER business cycle dates, from the NBER-based recession indicator (USREC), via FRED; other countries: World Bank, World Development Indicators, GDP deflator (NY.GDP.DEFL.ZS). Country groups: World Bank country classifications. Prepared files: data/ch02/fig2-4.csv, data/ch02/recessions.csv, data/ch02/deflator_world.csv and data/ch02/countries.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 2.4 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 5: Inflation measured with the GDP deflator

Move the slider to change the inflation measure, and use the menu to add a group of countries; the shaded bands are recessions.

Sources. Data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, GDP implicit price deflator (GDPDEF), via FRED; recession dates: NBER business cycle dates, from the NBER-based recession indicator (USREC), via FRED; other countries: World Bank, World Development Indicators, Inflation, GDP deflator (NY.GDP.DEFL.KD.ZG). Country groups: World Bank country classifications. Prepared files: data/ch02/fig2-4.csv, data/ch02/recessions.csv, data/ch02/deflator_world.csv and data/ch02/countries.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 2.5 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.