Chapter 16 Data Apps

Consumption

Explore the data of Chapter 16 without any code. Every chart below is live: hover over it to read the values, and use its buttons, menus and sliders to change what it shows.

← Back to Chapter 16: Consumption

See also: Chapter 16 Model Apps, the chapter’s models without code.

Consumption in the data: debt, saving and wealth

Fig. 3: Household debt as a percentage of GDP

Hover to read each quarter’s ratio; the jump in 2020 is a GDP effect, since output collapsed while debt did not.

Sources. Data: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Financial Accounts of the United States (Z.1, table B.101), debt securities and loans of households and nonprofits (CMDEBT), via FRED; U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), via FRED. Prepared file: data/ch16/fig16-3.csv (see the data notes). More about the debt data: the Federal Reserve’s Financial Accounts release. Chart: inspired by Fig. 16.3 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 3, data hygiene: household debt in two data vintages

Click a vintage in the legend to hide or show it; the two agree before 2000, until GDP was revised up.

Sources. Data: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Financial Accounts of the United States (Z.1, table B.101), debt securities and loans of households and nonprofits (CMDEBT), via FRED and U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), via FRED, as published today and, for March 2023, from FRED’s archive of past vintages, ALFRED (CMDEBT, GDP). Prepared file: data/ch16/debt_levels.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 16.3 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 3, beyond the United States: household debt in 43 countries

Pick a group of countries with the buttons, then click a name in the legend to hide or show it.

Source. Data: Bank for International Settlements, total credit statistics, credit to households and NPISHs from all sectors, percent of GDP (dataflow WS_TC). Prepared file: data/ch16/household_debt.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 16.3 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 4: The personal saving rate

Switch between quarterly and monthly data with the buttons; the monthly series shows the brief spike of 2020 more sharply.

Source. Data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Personal Saving Rate (PSAVERT), via FRED; the quarterly values are our averages of the monthly data. Prepared files: data/ch16/fig16-4.csv, data/ch16/saving_rate_monthly.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 16.4 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 4, beyond the United States: household saving in 35 countries

Pick a group of countries with the buttons, then click a name in the legend to hide or show it.

Source. Data: OECD, National Accounts at a Glance, net saving of households and NPISHs as a percentage of net disposable income (dataflow DSD_NAAG@DF_NAAG_V, measure B8NS1M), via the OECD Data Explorer. Prepared file: data/ch16/saving_rates.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 16.4 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 5: Household wealth as a ratio to income

Hover over the line to read the ratio; the marked events show wealth rising in booms and falling when bubbles burst.

Source. Data: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Financial Accounts of the United States (Z.1, table B.101), household and nonprofit net worth as a percentage of disposable personal income (HNONWPDPI), via FRED. Prepared file: data/ch16/fig16-5.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 16.5 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 5, wealth and saving together: the saving rate against wealth

Hover over a point to see its quarter, and click a decade in the legend to hide it; the cloud slopes down.

Sources. Data: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Financial Accounts of the United States (Z.1, table B.101), household and nonprofit net worth as a percentage of disposable personal income (HNONWPDPI), via FRED; U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Personal Saving Rate (PSAVERT), via FRED. Prepared files: data/ch16/fig16-4.csv, data/ch16/fig16-5.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Figs. 16.4 and 16.5 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.

Fig. 5, beyond the United States: household wealth in 26 countries

Pick a group of countries with the buttons, then click a name in the legend to hide or show it.

Source. Data: OECD, National Accounts at a Glance, household balance sheets and income per person in US dollars at PPP: net financial worth (LES1M_BF90_POP), dwellings (LES1M_N111N_POP), land (LES1M_N211N_POP) and gross disposable income (B6GS1M_POP) (dataflow DSD_NAAG@DF_NAAG_V), via the OECD Data Explorer. Prepared file: data/ch16/household_wealth.csv (see the data notes). Chart: inspired by Fig. 16.5 in Jones (2024), Macroeconomics, 6th ed.